Solar power, also known as solar electricity, is the conversion of energy from sunlight into electricity, either directly using photovoltaics (PV) or indirectly using concentrated solar power. Solar panels use the photovoltaic effect to convert light into an electric current. Concentrated solar power systems use lenses or mirrors and solar tracking systems to focus a large area of sunlight to a hot spot.
Potential
Geography affects solar energy potential because different locations receive different amounts of solar radiation. In particular, with some variations, areas that are closer to the equator generally receive higher amounts of solar radiation. However, solar panels that can follow the position of the Sun can significantly increase the solar energy potential in areas that are farther from the equator. Land availability has a large effect on the available solar energy.

Solar power plants use one of two technologies:
a) Photovoltaic (PV) systems use solar panels, either on rooftops or in ground-mounted solar farms, converting sunlight directly into electric power.
b) Concentrated solar power (CSP) uses mirrors or lenses to concentrate sunlight to extreme heat to eventually make steam, which is converted into electricity by a turbine.

A solar cell, or photovoltaic cell, is a device that converts light into electric current using the photovoltaic effect. A solar cell or photovoltaic cell (PV cell) is an electronic device that converts the energy of light directly into electricity by means of the photovoltaic effect. Individual solar cell devices are often the electrical building blocks of photovoltaic modules, known colloquially as "solar panels". The common single-junction silicon solar cell can produce a maximum open-circuit voltage. Photovoltaic cells may operate under sunlight or artificial light.

An "on-grid solar power plant" is a solar power generation system that is connected to the utility grid. The system's electricity is channeled to the grid, where it is used to power various appliances. At any moment, extra electricity is delivered back to the grid.

An off-grid solar system is a solar panel system that generates electricity, stores that power in solar batteries, and runs independently from the power grid. These systems encourage off-the-grid living, a lifestyle centered around energy independence and self-sustainability.

A hybrid solar system is a renewable energy system that is grid-tied and includes battery storage. The system uses solar panels to produce energy during the day, while the batteries store excess energy for use later at night when there is no sunlight.